In older patients with diabetic neuropathy, postherpetic neuralgia, or fibromyalgia, treatment with gabapentin is associated with increased fall-related inpatient or outpatient visits compared to treatment with duloxetine.
Clinicians often are challenged when patients seem disconnected in their prognostic awareness. The dual framework is a theory that explains how people cope with overwhelming existential information.
When comparing behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia with delirium, attention impairment is usually greatly impaired in delirium but not seen until late in the trajectory of dementia.
Lower volumes of physical activity (between 83 and 166 minutes of moderate activity per week) reduce the risk of morbidity and mortality in older adults.
Which one of the following statements regarding subclinical hypothyroidism in older individuals (>65 years) is false?
New dementia diagnoses are more likely to occur in older adults who sustain falls versus those who sustain other mechanisms of injury.
A simple home exercise program has no impact on appendicular lean muscle mass among healthy, physically active adults aged 70 years or older.
Which one of the following statements about the treatment of Alzheimer Disease (AD) is false?
When assessing frailty, different screening tools (e.g. FRAIL, Fried frailty phenotype) should be used on subsequent visits to help provide a comprehensive assessment.
Which one of the following statements about CT scanning for head injury is false?
Older patients are at risk of sustaining serious intracranial injuries with ground level falls.
Which one of the following statements about lumbar spinal stenosis is false?
In patients with frailty, management of non-ST elevation myocardial infarction with coronary angiography and revascularization did not improve outcomes compared to medical management.
There is an association between periodontitis and mild cognitive impairment.
Current Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) cutoff scores are appropriate for diverse populations in an urban setting.
Patients who continue to have difficulty with understanding speech despite the use of hearing aids may be candidates for a cochlear implant.
Brexpiprazole improves agitation scores in adults with Alzheimer disease and agitated behaviors.
In nursing homes, universal decolonization with chlorhexidine and nasal iodophor leads to a significantly lower risk of transfer to a hospital due to infection than routine care.
When assessing for orthostatic hypotension in older adults, an orthostatic drop detected at 4 minutes after going from supine to standing is a greater predictor of falls than a drop detected immediately.
Using dairy foods to improve calcium and protein intake in aged care residents reduces each of the following except:
In the pharmacologic management of inappropriate sexual behaviour in long-term care residents with dementia, each of the following drugs, alone or in combination, could be considered as first-line agents except:
When combined with functional and balance training in older adults, resistance training can reduce the number of falls.
For people who are consuming a balanced diet and not receiving pharmacotherapy for osteoporosis, supplementation with calcium, vitamin D and protein is likely to have little to no effect on fractures.
Patients over the age of 80 experiencing an NSTEMI benefit from an invasive strategy involving early coronary angiography with immediate evaluation for revascularization and optimal medical therapy over optimal medical therapy alone.
Cataract extraction has a significant association with lower risk of developing dementia among adults 65 years of age or older.
Among older adults undergoing coronary revascularization the type of procedure was not significantly associated with differences in the change of rate of memory decline.
New evidence suggests that in adults aged 70 years or older, a daily low dose of aspirin (100mg) is associated with an increased risk of incident solid cancers presenting at an advanced stage:
Which one of the following statements about falls prevention is false?
In very elderly Japanese patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation who are not appropriate candidates for a standard oral anticoagulation regimen, a once-daily 15-mg dose of edoxaban is superior to placebo in preventing stroke or systemic embolism.
Subclinical hypothyroidism is associated with the development of cognitive decline in older adults.
In patients older than 70 at risk of falling, a multifactorial intervention, administered by nurses, results in a significantly lower rate of first serious fall injury than enhanced usual care (patients receiving an information pamphlet and encouragement to discuss fall prevention with their primary care provider).
Cigarette smoking is a risk factor for age-related macular degeneration.
Older men with a recent diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment are at increased risk of attempting suicide.
The risk of intracranial hemorrhage after a head injury for patients 65 years and older on a direct oral anticoagulant is significantly higher compared with patients not on anticoagulation.
In patients aged 60 years and older with unstable distal radius fractures, there are no clinically meaningful patient-reported outcome differences 24 months after injury between patients choosing surgical treatment and those opting for closed reduction and casting.
Among individuals ≥ 75 years with no history of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease at baseline, new statin use is associated with lower risk of mortality.
Using dairy foods to improve calcium and protein intake in aged care residents reduces each of the following except:
Which one of the following statements about community-acquired bacterial meningitis in patients of 80 years and older is false?
Daily low dose aspirin increases the risk of incident anemia in community-dwelling adults 70 years and older.
The Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (the MIND diet) slows cognitive decline in cognitively unimpaired elderly adults with a family history of dementia.
Which one of the following statements about the relationship between hormonal replacement therapy and dementia is false?
Which one of the following statements regarding the impacts of cholesterol and the use of statins in primary prevention in people over age 80 is false?
In a primary prevention setting among healthy older (> 70 years old) patients with no cardiovascular disease, long-term daily low-dose aspirin treatment reduces ischemic stroke.
Intensive inpatient treatment of asymptomatic hypertension in older adults admitted for non-cardiac conditions is associated with better outcomes.
Compared to usual care, an intensive exercise and functional activity therapy intervention in adults with early dementia improves activities of daily living.
Moderate consumption of coffee is associated with a reduced risk of cognitive disorders.
Which one of the following statements about adjusting medications for the management of treatment-resistant depression in adults over 60 years of age is false?
In frail older patients with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and stable clinical conditions at admission, a routine invasive strategy “consisting of coronary angiography within 72 hours of admission” with coronary revascularization if deemed appropriate increases the number of “days alive out of hospital” 1 year after discharge.