Ear Nose & Throat & Dental

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Acute Rhinosinusitis

A 19-year-old patient with a history of allergic rhinitis is at your office because he is suffering facial pain over his sinuses, fever, and purulent nasal discharge with obstruction of the nasal passages for about 5-7 days. You suspect that he has acute rhinosinusitis.
Volume 40.4 - Question 38

Otitis Externa

For treatment of uncomplicated acute otitis externa, clinical outcomes are superior when topical antimicrobials are combined with topical steroids.

  • True
  • False
Volume 40.3 - Question 29

Upper Airway Cough Syndrome

Which one of the following statements about upper airway cough syndrome is false?

  • It can manifest in absence of postnasal drip.
  • Because upper airway cough syndrome is the most common cause of chronic cough, it is reasonable to use empiric treatment regardless of nasal symptoms.
  • First-generation antihistamines should not be used for treatment.
  • Nasal corticosteroids and antibiotics can be used for chronic rhinosinusitis when appropriate.
Volume 40.2 - Question 30

Direct-To-Consumer Hearing Aids

In patients with mild to moderately severe hearing loss, direct-to-consumer self-fitted hearing aids may improve hearing.

  • True
  • False
Volume 40.1 - Question 32

Chronic Refractory Cough

Which one of the following statements about chronic refractory cough is false?

  • It is recommended to use inhaled corticosteroids as empiric treatment.
  • Multimodality speech pathology therapy can improve cough frequency.
  • Amitriptyline can be an effective treatment.
  • Gabapentin can be an effective treatment.
Volume 40.1 - Question 20

Chronic Cough

Which one of the following statements about chronic cough is false?

  • The prevalence of asthma in patients with chronic cough ranges from 24% to 32%.
  • Leukotriene inhibitors are recommended as first-line treatment in adults and adolescents with nonasthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis.
  • The presence of acid reflux in patients with chronic cough does not necessarily indicate that the cough is due to GERD.
  • ACE inhibitors should be replaced with an alternative, such as an angiotensin receptor blockers, if patients develop chronic cough.
Volume 40.1 - Question 19

The Twitchy Tongue - An Approach

Which one of the following statements about hyperkinetic movements of the tongue is false?

  • Epileptic conditions are a situation in which hyperkinetic movements of the tongue may be represented.
  • Cortical infarcts could be manifested as tongue tremors.
  • Tardive dyskinesia does not involve any parts of the tongue.
  • Isolated tongue tremor may be a presentation of idiopathic Parkinson’s disease.
Volume 39.6 - Question 25

Age Related Hearing Loss

Patients who continue to have difficulty with understanding speech despite the use of hearing aids may be candidates for a cochlear implant.   

  • True
  • False
Volume 39.5 - Question 19

Adenotonsillectomy for Snoring and Mild Sleep Apnea in Children

In children with mild sleep-disordered breathing (habitual snoring), adenotonsillectomy, compared with watchful waiting, significantly improves executive function and attention at 12 months.  

  • True
  • False
Volume 39.5 - Question 7

Cannabis related side effects in Otolaryngology

Which one of the following statements about the adverse events following cannabis use or exposure is false?

  • Adverse health effects can be as high as 50%.
  • Cannabis exposure (via smoking) was associated with an increased risk of oral cavity carcinoma.
  • Chronic use of cannabis at high doses showed significant changes in vestibular function.
  • Cannabis smoking was associated with sinusitis.
Volume 37.3 - Question 20

Epistaxis

Which one of the following statements regarding epistaxis is false?  

  • In most cases there is no obvious precipitant.   
  • The use of topical vasoconstrictors may be associated with an increased risk of cardiac complications.   
  • Electrocautery is more effective than chemical cautery.   
  • Nonresorbable packing is generally preferred over resorbable packing.  
Volume 36.6 - Question 26

Hearing Loss 

Which one of the following statements about hearing loss is false?  

  •  Hearing loss is a decibel loss exceeding 25 decibels.     
  • In unilateral, sudden, sensorineural hearing loss, high-dose oral steroids offered in a timely fashion might limit progression to permanent hearing impairment.    
  • Most tympanic membrane perforations take over three months to resolve.    
  • Sudden hearing loss can indicate stroke. 
Volume 36.4 - Question 24

Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy

Which one of the following statements about indications for tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy is false? 

  • Children with three bouts of tonsillitis in one year will likely benefit from tonsillectomy.   
  • Children with obstructive sleep-disordered breathing (OSDB) should be referred for evaluation for tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy.   
  • Referral for surgical management as initial therapy may be considered in adults with obvious OSBD and tonsil hyperplasia.   
  • Tonsillectomy reduced recurrence frequency in patient with the syndrome of periodic fever, aphthous ulcers, pharyngitis, and cervical adenopathy (PFAPA). 
Volume 36.3 - Question 26

Tympanostomy for Otitis Media

Which one of the following statements is false?

  • Tympanostomy tubes (TT) insertion is superior to medical management in reducing the incidence of acute otitis media (AOM) 2 years after surgery.
  • Studies show decreased incidence of AOM in the first year after TT insertion.
  • The most common short-term complication of TT insertion is otorrhea.
  • Routine immunization of infants and children in Canada with pneumococcal conjugate vaccines is associated with a reduction in the overall incidence of AOM.
Volume 37.6 - Question 9

Tinnitus

Which one of the following should not be used in the treatment of tinnitus associated conditions?

  • Cognitive behavior therapy
  • Tricyclic antidepressants
  • Melatonin
  • Benzodiazepines
Volume 37.2 - Question 19

Antihistamines for Allergic Rhinosinusitis

In the treatment of allergic rhinosinusitis, oral antihistamines combined with intranasal corticosteroids provide better symptom relief than intranasal corticosteroids alone. 

  • True
  • False
Volume 38.1 - Question 11

Tonsilloliths

Which one of the following statements about tonsilloliths is false?

  • They are products of calcified accumulates of food, cellular debris, and microorganisms in deep invaginations on the surface of the tonsils.
  • Symptoms include recurrent sore throat, halitosis, sensation of a foreign body in the throat, odynophagia, and hoarseness.
  • They are usually diagnosed with physical examination alone.
  • They often require surgical intervention.
Volume 38.4 - Question 27

Temporomandibular Disorders

Which one of the following is not recommended in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders?

  • Opioids
  • Cyclobenzaprine
  • Amitriptyline
  • Gabapentin
Volume 38.4 - Question 24

Dental Injuries in Athletes

Which one of the following statements about dental injuries in athletes is false?

  • An avulsed tooth should be handled by the crown to avoid damaging the root.
  • An avulsed tooth can be transported in milk.
  • If an avulsed tooth is reimplanted, then return to play should be delayed one week.
  • Tooth reimplantation must be done as quickly as possible.
Volume 38.4 - Question 16

Facial Fractures

For possible mandibular fractures, the sideline physician should have the athlete bite down to check for malocclusion.

  • True
  • False
Volume 38.3 - Question 17

Antibiotics for Otitis Media

Harms and benefits are evenly balanced for antibiotic treatment of a child with acute otitis media.

  • True
  • False
Volume 38.3 - Question 12

Suppurative Sialadenitis

Which one of the following statements about acute suppurative sialadenitis is false?

  • It most commonly affects men aged 50 to 70..
  • It most commonly involves the submandibular gland.
  • Salivary stasis is one of the main precipitating factors.
  • The first line outpatient antibiotic treatment is amoxicillin/clavulanate
Volume 39.2 - Question 22

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