Ophthalmology

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Adverse Effects of Glaucoma Drugs

Which one of the following statements regarding adverse effects of drugs for open-angle glaucoma is false?

  • Beta Blockers should be used with caution in patients with asthma.
  • Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are contraindicated in patients with a sulfonamide allergy.
  • Alpha-adrenergic agonists should be used with caution in patients taking a monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor.
  • Cholinergic agonists may cause salivation.
Volume 41.1 - Question 26

Sudden Vision Loss

Which one of the following statements about the management of sudden vision loss is false?

  • Because intravenous thrombolysis may be beneficial in selected patients with central artery occlusion within the first 4.5 hours, emergent consultation with a stroke neurologist is recommended in the hyperacute period.
  • Following embolic central retinal artery occlusion, underlying modifiable systemic risk factors should be addressed because the patient is at high risk of a cerebrovascular event or a similar incident in the second eye.
  • When there is high clinical suspicion for giant cell arteritis, empiric steroids should be delayed until a temporal artery biopsy is obtained.
  • High-dose corticosteroids are the first-line treatment for acute optic neuritis because they shorten visual recovery time compared with placebo.
Volume 40.3 - Question 1

Dry Eyes

Laughter exercise, four times a day, is non-inferior to 0.1% sodium hyaluronic acid, four times a day, in improving dry eye disease symptoms and clinical signs.

  • True
  • False
Volume 40.2 - Question 24

Eye Infections

Which one of the following statements regarding eye infections is false? 

  • Viruses are the main cause of conjunctivitis in adults.   
  • Infection-control measures are essential to prevent epidemic keratoconjunctivitis outbreaks.   
  • Contact lens wear is the most important risk factor for microbial keratitis.   
  • Endogenous endophthalmitis only affects one eye. 
Volume 39.4 - Question 22

Dry Eye Disease

Which one of the following statements regarding dry eye disease is false?   

  • Aerobic exercise decreases tear secretion.    
  • Artificial tears are the first-line treatment.   
  • Overuse of artificial tears can cause toxic conjunctivitis.    
  • Artificial tears with vasoconstrictors to reduce redness can cause rebound redness due to tachyphylaxis.  
Volume 38.21 - Question 6

Age Related Macular Degeneration

Which one of the following statements about age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is false?

  • The incidence is highest in people who are White compared to Black, Chinese or Hispanic.
  • Genetic factors are strongly associated with the development of AMD.
  • Anti-VEGF biological treatments, delivered by intravitreal injection, are first-line therapy for treating and stabilizing exudative neovascular AMD.
  • Supplementation with antioxidant vitamins and minerals is recommended for patients with early AMD.
Volume 39.3 - Question 34

Cataracts and Dementia

Cataract extraction has a significant association with lower risk of developing dementia among adults 65 years of age or older.

  • True
  • False
Volume 37.3 - Question 9

Topical tetracaine for corneal abrasions

In patients with corneal abrasions topical tetracaine drops provide greater pain relief compared to artificial tears without an increased rate of adverse effects.  

  • True
  • False
Volume 36.5 - Question 24

Dry Eye Disease

Which one of the following statements regarding dry eye disease is false?

  • Aerobic exercise decreases tear secretion.
  • Artificial tears are the first-line treatment.
  • Overuse of artificial tears can cause toxic conjunctivitis.
  • Artificial tears with vasoconstrictors to reduce redness can cause rebound redness due to tachyphylaxis.
Volume 37.6 - Question 2

Hormone Therapy and Dry Eye Disease

Hormone therapy can relieve the symptoms of dry eye disease in postmenopausal women. 

  • True
  • False
Volume 36.2 - Question 29

Eye Injuries in Athletes

Which one of the following statements about eye injuries in athletes is false?

  • Traumatic hyphema can result in permanent vision loss.
  • Subconjunctival hemorrhage usually resolves in 7 to 10 days.
  • Athletes with subconjunctival hemorrhage should not return to the field if they have no vision changes.
  • Athletes presenting with sharp tearing pain may have a corneal abrasion.
Volume 38.4 - Question 17

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