You are a community family physician heading into a meet and greet appointment with your new patient, a 56-year-old male. His vital signs are: BP 155/97 mm Hg, heart rate 84 bpm and regular, weight 95 kg and height 175 cm. Calculated BMI is 31 kg/m2. He states his past medical history is benign. He endorses smoking 10 cigarettes per day and consumes 2 beers per day.
More intensive blood pressure treatment modestly reduces the occurrence of orthostatic hypertension.
All patients with hypertension diagnosed between 18 and 40 years of age should be screened for secondary hypertension.
Normotensive living kidney donors have a higher risk of hypertension than normotensive non-donors in the first 7 years following donation.
Hydrochlorothiazide has a lower risk of causing hypokalemia than indapamide.
For those with office systolic blood pressures of 130-139mm Hg and diastolic blood pressures of 85-89mm Hg, more than half will develop hypertension within four years.
Hypertension treatment with a fixed dose quadruple agent (irbesartan, amlodipine, indapamide and bisoprolol) can achieve greater blood pressure lowering as compared to antihypertensive monotherapy at standard doses.
Which one of the following statements about pulmonary arterial hypertension is false?
Which one of the following statements about antihypertensive treatment for pregnant women with chronic hypertension is false?
In pregnant women with mild chronic hypertension, active treatment with a blood-pressure target of less than 140/90 mm Hg was associated with better pregnancy outcomes than a strategy of no antihypertensive treatment unless the systolic blood pressure was 160 mm Hg or higher or the diastolic pressure was 105 mm Hg or higher.
In pregnant women with mild chronic hypertension, a strategy of targeting a blood pressure of <140/90 is associated with better pregnancy outcomes than reserving treatment only for severe hypertension.
Intensive inpatient treatment of asymptomatic hypertension in older adults admitted for non-cardiac conditions is associated with better outcomes.
Which one of the following statements about leptomeningeal disease is false?
Which one of the following statements about metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is false?
The Sudbury vertigo risk score can identify the risk for a serious diagnosis in patients presenting with vertigo.
A 55-year-old female patient is at your office today complaining of recurrent episodes of left facial pain in the trigeminal nerve area over the past month. Her pain lasts up to 2 minutes and is severe in intensity. She describes the pain as electrical shock-like, shooting, stabbing, and sharp in quality. You have diagnosed her as likely having trigeminal neuralgia.
Which one of the following statements about accidental cannabis ingestion in young children is false?
Which one of the following statements about essential thrombocythemia is false?
In patients with AF and stable CAD, oral anticoagulation monotherapy, when compared with oral anticoagulation plus single antiplatelet therapy, is associated with a statistically significant increased risk of ischemic events.
Which one of the following statements about Kounis Syndrome (KS) (allergic angina) is false?
Automated blood pressure readings in a noisy public space yield similar results to those obtained in a quiet office setting.
For each of the following zoonotic human pathogens answer the following questions pertaining specifically to the Canadian arctic.
Phosphatidylethanol is a biomarker which may identify moderate or heavy alcohol consumption in the past 3 to 4 weeks.
Among people undergoing a low-dose chest CT for lung cancer screening, an incidental finding of extensive coronary artery calcium is an independent predictor of all-cause death and cardiovascular events.
An elevated follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level is required in order to make the diagnosis of perimenopause.
Which one of the following statements about chronic venous insufficiency is false?
Which one of the following statements about calcific aortic stenosis is false?
Postmenopausal women without bleeding or risk factors do not require further investigations if they are found to have endometrial thickness < 11 mm on ultrasound.
Which one of the following statements about the management of sudden vision loss is false?
Your next patient is a 38-year-old woman. After several years of struggling with obesity, she wishes to address this issue. The patient is healthy, with no known medical conditions. You question your patient about her eating habits and physical activity. She has a very healthy lifestyle. You complete a physical examination. In addition to measuring the patient’s body-mass index, you also measure the patient’s waist circumference.
One of your patients comes to see you in the office for a renewal of her hypertension medications. While there, she asks if she should have a bone mineral density test as many of her friends have started getting them.
Midodrine is a reasonable treatment option for adults with recurrent vasovagal syncope without a history of hypertension, heart failure, or urinary retention.
In the prehospital setting, the incidence of true electrical capture in patients receiving transcutaneous pacing is less than 20%.
Prenatal cannabis use is associated with a greater risk of all the following except:
Which one of the following statements regarding climate change, extreme heat and health is false?
A 65-year-old woman presents with gross hematuria and no other symptoms. She is found on ultrasound to have a small renal mass.
Which one of the following statements about the management of insomnia is false?
The rate of severe maternal morbidity associated with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy has decreased in Canada between 2012 and 2021.
Which one of the following statements about heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is false?
Thiazide-induced hyponatremia is more common in the initial month of treatment compared to one year later.
Which one of the following statements on energy and macronutrients across the life span is false?
Among patients with type 2 diabetes and a recent myocardial infarction, colchicine 0.5 mg daily reduces the relative risk of further major cardiovascular events by more than 25%.
Diarrhea is associated with an increased risk of urge urinary incontinence in adults.
Which one of the following statements about prevention of cardiovascular disease in type 1 diabetes is false?
Which one of the following statements about polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is false?